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Entrustable professional activity use in emergency medicine: A scoping review
Tim Baker1, Hannah Beks2, Franco Schreve3
1Centre for Rural Emergency Medicine School of Medicine, Deakin University Warrnambool Victoria Australia.
AEM Education and Training
|April 11, 2025
Summary
Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are growing in emergency medicine (EM) postgraduate education. However, current EPA frameworks lack standardization, necessitating more research on their real-world effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education Research
- Emergency Medicine Training
- Competency-Based Education
Background:
- Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are increasingly utilized in postgraduate medical education.
- Emergency medicine (EM) is a rapidly developing field for EPA implementation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and characterize the existing literature on EPAs in postgraduate EM education.
- To identify the scope and types of evidence supporting EPA development and application in EM.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute methodology across major databases (Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL).
- A supplementary gray literature search identified EPA frameworks.
- Data extraction focused on research methods, approach, participants, scope, EPA elements, and underlying logic.
Main Results:
- 58 documents were analyzed, including peer-reviewed articles, conference abstracts, and curriculum documents.
- Canadian contributions were significant (51.7%).
- 13 distinct EPA frameworks encompassing 158 individual EPAs were identified, with a prevalence of explorative and translational research approaches.
Conclusions:
- The development of EPAs in EM is expanding, but significant variability and lack of standardization exist across frameworks.
- Current research predominantly employs explorative and translational methods, indicating a need for more experimental studies to validate EPA adoption and observational studies to assess outcomes.
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