Advancing MRD Detection in Multiple Myeloma: Technologies, Applications, and Future Perspectives.

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Multiple myeloma (MM) is a challenging plasma cell malignancy.
• Current therapies improve outcomes but do not guarantee complete eradication.
• Minimal residual disease (MRD) detection is vital for assessing treatment effectiveness and patient prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in MRD detection methods for MM.
• To discuss the clinical applications of MRD detection in MM.
• To provide insights into future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for MM.

Main Methods:

• Review of multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC).
• Review of allele-specific oligonucleotide real-time quantitative PCR (ASO-qPCR).
• Review of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for MRD detection.

Main Results:

• MFC, ASO-qPCR, and NGS are key methods for MRD detection in MM.
• MRD detection significantly impacts treatment efficacy evaluation and prognosis prediction.
• Advancements in these methods offer improved sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusions:

• Continued research in MRD detection is essential for advancing MM treatment.
• Integrating advanced MRD detection methods can optimize diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
• Innovations in MRD detection hold promise for better outcomes for MM patients.