Pt/Ru-Modified ZnO Sensor Grown In Situ for Detection of ppb H₂S

This paper presents a ZnO-Pt/Ru sensor prepared by a two-step hydrothermal method with in situ-grown ZnO nanorods and doped with Pt and Ru elements by immersion sintering. Characterization results showed that Pt and Ru were successfully modified on the surface of ZnO nanorods. ZnO-Pt/Ru achieved a response of 25-50 ppm H₂S at the optimum operating temperature of 198 °C. In addition, the lower limit of H₂S detection of ZnO-Pt/Ru reached 50 ppb with a response of about 10%, indicating a wide concentration detection range. Due to the good catalytic properties of Pt, the recovery characteristics of ZnO at high concentrations of H₂S were significantly improved. The response time of ZnO-Pt/Ru (30 s) was also significantly shorter than pristine ZnO (56 s), with excellent selectivity. As far as the gas-sensitive enhancement mechanism is concerned, at the macroscopic level, the ZnO surface was modified by Pt and Ru, and this special structure of ZnO-Pt/Ru significantly increased the specific surface area. At the microscopic level, the PN junction formed between Pt/Ru and ZnO provided abundant holes for electron migration.