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Wild Boars' Selective Capture with IoT and Electronic Devices Solutions for Innovative, Sustainable and Ethical
Maria Teresa Verde1, Luigi Esposito2, Francesco Bonavolontà1
1Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Napoli Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 12, 2025
Summary
This study presents an innovative IoT-based system for the ethical, selective capture of wild boars (Sus scrofa). The technology effectively targets younger animals, aiding wildlife management and reducing ecological impact.
Area of Science:
- Wildlife Management
- Ecology
- Internet of Things (IoT)
Background:
- Growing wild boar populations (Sus scrofa) pose significant challenges to ecosystems, agriculture, and urban areas in anthropized regions.
- Current wildlife management methods often struggle with ethical considerations and bycatch reduction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce and evaluate an innovative, ethical, and selective capture solution for sub-adult wild boars using IoT systems.
- To minimize stress and bycatch during wildlife capture operations.
Main Methods:
- A five-year study in a Natura 2000 area in Campania, Italy.
- Integration of AI-based infrared cameras, LoRa communication, and autonomous feeding systems.
- Operation of a specially designed selective cage trap controlled via IoT.
Main Results:
- The developed technology enables selective capture of younger wild boars.
- The system operates ethically, minimizing stress and bycatch.
- Technological innovation enhances wildlife and hunting management without disrupting group dynamics.
Conclusions:
- Selective capture using IoT technology offers an effective approach to wild boar population control.
- This method supports healthy population management, aligns with hunting practices, and alleviates pressure on sensitive European biodiversity habitats.
