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Ultrasensitive Detection of Biomarkers by Using a Molecular Imprinting Based Capacitive Biosensor

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Published on: February 16, 2018

High-capacitance air-brushed electrodes for capacitive label-free bioassays.

Suchanat Boonkaew¹, Steven Linfield¹, Elena E Ferapontova¹

¹Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Natural Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark.

|April 12, 2025

Summary

We developed a low-cost, airbrushed electrode assay for detecting HER-2/neu cancer biomarkers. This portable point-of-care device offers accurate and sensitive cancer diagnosis, especially for resource-limited settings.

Keywords:

Airbrushed graphite electrodes Capacitive biosensors Electrochemical enzyme-linked aptamer-sorbent assay (e-ELASA)HER-2/Neu Point-of-care testing Water-based graphite inks

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Area of Science:

Biomarker Detection
Electrochemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Non-invasive protein biomarker assays are crucial for early cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
Accurate point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices are scarce due to high costs and bulky equipment.
HER-2/neu is a key protein biomarker for aggressive cancers and a target for therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an accurate and economical point-of-care diagnostic device for HER-2/neu detection.
To utilize airbrushed graphite electrodes for a capacitive electrochemical enzyme-linked aptamer-sorbent assay (e-ELASA).
To enable sensitive and rapid monitoring of cancer biomarkers in diverse settings.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of disposable graphite (Gr) electrodes by airbrushing graphite-powder/chitosan inks onto polyester films.
Development of a capacitive cellulase-linked electrochemical enzyme-linked aptamer-sorbent assay (e-ELASA) on magnetic beads (MBs).
Performance evaluation of airbrushed Gr electrodes against manually polished electrodes for HER-2/neu detection in buffer and serum.

Main Results:

Airbrushed Gr electrodes exhibited high capacitance (3.61–8.88 mF cm⁻²).
The developed e-ELASA achieved a limit of detection of 0.1 fM for HER-2/neu in buffer and serum.
Five-layer airbrushed electrodes showed a three-fold increase in sensitivity compared to previous methods.

Conclusions:

The portable and low-cost airbrushed electrode/e-ELASA system provides accurate and sensitive HER-2/neu detection.
This technology is suitable for regular POC monitoring, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
The high-capacitance airbrushed electrodes have potential for adaptation to other label-free capacitive bioassays.