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Related Concept Videos

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

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Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
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The destabilization of microtubules can occur during different stages of the microtubule lifecycle, such as nucleation or elongation. It can take place at either end of the microtubule or in the microtubule lattices as a whole. The lifespan of individual microtubules within a cell varies according to the cell type and stage of the cell cycle. During interphase, the lifespan of the microtubule is about 30 minutes, while during cell division, it is about 15 minutes. In axonal microtubules of...
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The cytoskeleton is a complex dynamic structure performing varied functions based on cellular requirements. The adaptability of the individual filaments in the cytoskeleton determines their ability to perform various functions within the cell. It can undergo rapid reorganization during processes like cell division or remain stable for several hours as in the interphase. The adaptability of these filaments depends on stringent regulatory mechanisms. The microfilament and microtubules of the...
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Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated...
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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. They originate from specialized multi-protein complexes known as microtubule organizing centers or MTOCs. Within the MTOC, the point of origin of the microtubule is known as the minus end, while the end radiating outward is the plus end. Microtubules serve two primary functions — the organization of spindle complexes to separate sister chromatids during mitotic or meiotic cell division and the formation...
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Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2025

Purification of Tubulin with Controlled Posttranslational Modifications and Isotypes from Limited Sources by Polymerization-Depolymerization Cycles
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Rethinking tubulin acetylation: From regulation to cellular adaptation.

Lisa Donker1, Susana A Godinho1

  • 1Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|April 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acetylation of alpha-tubulin (K40) stabilizes microtubules, protecting them from breakage. This modification is dynamic, helping cells adapt to stress and influencing cellular functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Acetylation of alpha-tubulin on lysine 40 (K40) is linked to stable microtubules.
  • Microtubule acetylation protects against mechanical breakage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore mechanisms controlling tubulin acetylation.
  • To investigate the impact of tubulin acetylation on microtubule properties and cellular functions.
  • To highlight tubulin acetylation as a dynamic modification in response to cellular stress.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of recent advances in tubulin acetylation research.

Main Results:

  • Tubulin acetylation is associated with microtubule stability and protection from breakage.
  • Emerging evidence suggests dynamic regulation of tubulin acetylation in response to cellular stress.
  • This modification influences microtubule properties and cellular functions.

Conclusions:

  • Tubulin acetylation plays a crucial role in cellular adaptation to environmental and intracellular changes.
  • It represents a dynamic regulatory mechanism with broad cell biological implications.