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Candida albicans colonization on CAD-CAM denture resin surface.

Géraldine Vetsch1, Daniel Manoil2, Claudine Wulfman3

  • 1Clinic of General, Special Care and Geriatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Journal of Dentistry
|April 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study found that milled denture resins had higher Candida albicans biofilm formation than 3D-printed or conventional PMMA resins. 3D-printed resins showed increased hyphal growth, suggesting higher virulence potential.

Keywords:
CAD-CAM complete denturesCandida albicansDigital complete denturesGeriatric DentistryGerodontologyRemovable prosthodontics

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Microbiology
  • Dental Prosthetics

Background:

  • Denture biofilm formation by Candida albicans (C. albicans) is a significant clinical issue.
  • Understanding how different denture fabrication methods affect microbial colonization is crucial for improving oral hygiene and patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare C. albicans biofilm formation on milled, 3D-printed, and conventional heat-polymerized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture resin surfaces.
  • To assess the impact of fabrication techniques on the virulence potential of C. albicans biofilms.

Main Methods:

  • Three groups of denture resin samples (n=27) were fabricated: milled, 3D-printed, and heat-polymerized PMMA controls.
  • C. albicans biofilms were grown on resin discs, incubated, detached, and quantified.
  • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyzed biofilm morphology; non-parametric tests performed statistical analysis.

Main Results:

  • The control (PMMA) group exhibited the lowest median biofilm attachment with high variability.
  • Milled resin surfaces showed significantly higher biofilm formation with the least variation.
  • 3D-printed resins had intermediate biofilm attachment, with SEM revealing increased hyphal growth compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Fabrication methods significantly influence C. albicans biofilm formation on denture resins.
  • 3D-printed resins demonstrate increased hyphal growth, indicating a potential for higher virulence.
  • Findings guide material selection for denture fabrication, especially for high-risk patient groups.