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Updated: May 13, 2025
Training Rats to Voluntarily Dive Underwater: Investigations of the Mammalian Diving Response
Published on: November 12, 2014
Physiologic response to distance diving in healthy children and young adults
Sasika Feige1, Sophie Peter1, Johannes Weickmann1
1Department for Pediatric Cardiology, University of Leipzig - Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany.
Introduction:
Diving and fin swimming are well established sports, including competitive sports, but little is known about the short-term adaptation of physiological parameters in Children and Adults during submersed dynamic apnea near the individual maximum. The current study provides data on the physiological adaptation of Children and young Adults to dynamic apnea diving in real-life conditions.
Methods:
This study provides data from 11 healthy elite fin swimmers (<30 years), including transcutaneous oxygen saturation and heart rate performing various diving protocols.
Conclusion:
The results suggest that apnea duration primarily affects oxygen saturation, while dive speed influences cardiovascular workload. Oxygen levels often decline post-dive, indicating a delayed oxygen debt requiring recovery. Future research should explore broader demographics, including recreational divers and medically restricted populations.
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01:29Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement: