Anatomical and Pathological Assessment of the Maxillary Sinus Using CBCT Imaging: A Retrospective Descriptive Study

Area of Science:

• Maxillofacial Radiology
• Anatomy
• Pathology

Background:

• Maxillary sinus anatomy and pathology are critical for dental interventions.
• Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) enhances visualization of sinus structures.
• CBCT aids in identifying anatomical variations and pathologies for treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze anatomical variations and pathological changes in maxillary sinuses using CBCT.
• To investigate gender and dental status influences on maxillary sinus anatomy.
• To provide insights for preoperative evaluation in maxillofacial surgery.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 200 CBCT scans (400 maxillary sinuses).
• Assessment of sinus dimensions, volumes, and anatomical features.
• Evaluation of pathological alterations and their relation to gender and dentition.

Main Results:

• Significant differences in sinus width based on dentition status (p<0.01).
• Males exhibited larger mean sinus dimensions than females.
• Prevalence of mucosal thickening and Haller cells noted; maxillary floor inferior to nasal floor in 91.5%.

Conclusions:

• Radiographic study highlights significant anatomical variations and pathologies in the Bosnian and Herzegovian population.
• CBCT is essential for preoperative evaluation in posterior maxillary surgical planning.
• Findings offer valuable insights into gender-based differences, dentition impact, and pathological conditions.