Relating Radical Delocalization, Charge Transfer, and Magnetic Ground State in Acene-Derived Oxyradicals

At the same time that our capabilities to synthesize open-shell carbon-based materials are rapidly growing with the development of on-surface synthesis under vacuum conditions, interest in π-magnetism is rising due to its excellent prospects for potential applications. As a result, increasing efforts are being focused on the detailed understanding of open-shell carbon nanostructures and all of the parameters that determine their spin densities and magnetic ground states. Here we present a facile route to synthesize different open-shell acene derivatives with closely related structures by the addition of functional groups. A systematic comparison allows us to draw conclusions on the role of the functional groups and their number and distribution, as well as on the role of the radical state delocalization in relation with the presence or absence of charge transfer at interfaces, which consequently affects the molecule's π-magnetism.