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Meter-scale supersonic gas jets for multi-GeV laser-plasma accelerators.

B Miao1, J E Shrock1, E Rockafellow1

  • 1Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.

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Researchers developed meter-scale supersonic gas jets for high-energy laser wakefield electron acceleration. This breakthrough enables GeV-level electron beams by extending laser pulse propagation in plasma waveguides.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Particle Acceleration
  • High-Intensity Lasers

Background:

  • Achieving 10 GeV electron beams requires meter-scale laser pulse propagation in plasma waveguides.
  • Low-density plasmas (Ne ~ 10^17 cm^-3) are crucial for extended propagation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop and characterize supersonic gas jets for meter-scale laser wakefield accelerators.
  • Enable GeV-level electron acceleration through extended laser-plasma interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Designed and tested a 30-cm single-module supersonic hydrogen gas jet.
  • Developed a modular gas jet system using multiple 11-cm modules.
  • Controlled longitudinal density profiles using valve trigger timing.
  • Assembled a 1.0-m modular jet and generated 1.0-m hydrogen plasma using a femtosecond Bessel beam.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated good axial uniformity with the single-module hydrogen jet.
  • Achieved longitudinal density profile control with a 2-module (22 cm) jet.
  • Successfully generated a 1.0-m long hydrogen plasma, the longest reported to date.

Conclusions:

  • Meter-scale gas jets are feasible for advanced laser wakefield acceleration.
  • The developed modular system offers precise control over plasma density profiles.
  • This work paves the way for next-generation GeV-scale electron accelerators.