Lysine methyltransferase SETD7 in cancer: functions, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Cancer Biology

Background:

• SETD7 is a histone methyltransferase involved in numerous signaling pathways and carcinogenesis.
• It regulates gene expression and protein activity through methylation of histone and non-histone proteins.
• Abnormal SETD7 expression is linked to key cancer processes like proliferation, invasion, autophagy, and immune response.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the involvement of SETD7 in the hallmarks of cancer.
• To detail the functions and mechanisms of SETD7 in cancer.
• To discuss therapeutic strategies targeting SETD7.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on SETD7 functions in cancer.
• Analysis of SETD7's role in cancer hallmarks.
• Exploration of non-coding RNAs and chemical inhibitors targeting SETD7.

Main Results:

• SETD7 influences multiple hallmarks of cancer, including sustained proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, and enabling replicative immortality.
• SETD7's aberrant expression is a significant driver of cancer progression.
• Non-coding RNAs and small molecule inhibitors show potential for targeting SETD7 in cancer therapy.

Conclusions:

• SETD7 is a critical regulator in cancer development and progression.
• Understanding SETD7's mechanisms provides insights into cancer biology.
• Targeting SETD7 presents a promising avenue for novel cancer therapeutics.