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Updated: Jun 14, 2025

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
Published on: September 20, 2019
Parenteral nutrition for preterm infants: benefits and risks in 2025
Nicholas D Embleton1, Chris H P van den Akker2, Mark Johnson3
1Population Health Science Institute, Newcastle University & Newcastle Neonatal Service, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK.
Abstract:
Parenteral nutrition (PN) has been a key component of neonatal care for preterm infants since the 1980's and provides macronutrients for growth, along with electrolytes, minerals, vitamins and trace elements. In this article we consider common issues with routine provision to very preterm infants including estimation of nutrient requirements, optimal starting doses of PN, rates of increase and maximum intakes. We consider monitoring strategies and outline common complications which may be serious and fatal. Finally, we consider risk-benefit ratios in different populations of preterm infants, and outline some of the major uncertainties in current practice.
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