Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 3, 2026
Training Persons with Spinal Cord Injury to Ambulate Using a Powered Exoskeleton
Published on: June 16, 2016
Enabling technology in adult spinal deformity
Jordan Lebovic1, Matthew S Galetta2, Zeeshan M Sardar3
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
Abstract:
This review analyzes enabling technology in Adult Spinal Deformity (ASD), with a focus on optimizing safety and teaching. The prevalence of ASD is rising, and recent technological advancements can empower surgeons to improve outcomes for ASD patients but also each comes with specific challenges. The paper highlights opportunities and potential obstacles in effective technology integration and assesses key enabling technologies, including surgical planning software, machine leaning, three-dimensional printing, augmented and virtual reality, patient-specific instrumentation as well as navigation and robotics.
Related Concept Videos
01:33Adult Stem Cells
01:16Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature
Regions of the Vertebral Column
In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form...
01:27Muscles of the Vertebral Column
Superficial Layer:
The superficial layer consists primarily of the splenius muscles, which include the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis. These muscles are mainly responsible for the head and cervical spine movements, including extension, rotation, and lateral bending. The splenius capitis...