Anti-Inflammatory Activity and In Silico Approach of Phenolics From the Roots of Aganonerion polymorphum

Area of Science:

• Phytochemistry
• Pharmacology
• Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

• Aganonerion polymorphum is a plant with potential medicinal properties.
• Inflammation is a complex biological response implicated in various diseases.
• Nitric oxide (NO) is a key mediator in inflammatory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To isolate and characterize chemical constituents from the roots of Aganonerion polymorphum.
• To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of isolated compounds.
• To investigate the potential of A. polymorphum as a source for anti-inflammatory agents.

Main Methods:

• Isolation and structure elucidation of compounds using spectroscopic techniques (NMR, MS) and chromatography.
• In vitro anti-inflammatory assay measuring nitric oxide inhibition in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages.
• Molecular docking studies to predict binding interactions with inflammatory target proteins.

Main Results:

• A new compound and six known compounds were isolated from A. polymorphum roots.
• Compounds 1, 4, 6, and 7 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on NO production with IC50 values ranging from 4.71 to 9.63 µM.
• Molecular docking supported the observed anti-inflammatory activities, indicating favorable binding affinities to relevant proteins.

Conclusions:

• This study provides the first evidence of the anti-inflammatory capacity of Aganonerion polymorphum.
• The isolated compounds possess notable anti-inflammatory properties, warranting further investigation for therapeutic development.
• A. polymorphum represents a promising source for novel functional products aimed at managing inflammatory conditions.