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Vitamins

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced...

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition

Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Physicochemical Parameters

The physicochemical characteristics of drugs play a crucial role in formulating stable and bioavailable drug products. The solubility of a drug, governed by the varying pH along the GI tract and its dissociation constant (pKa), is pivotal in determining its ionization state and absorption rate. Notably, weak acids and bases remain unionized and are absorbed more rapidly.
Enhanced drug absorption can be achieved by reducing particle sizes and increasing surface areas, thereby facilitating...

Factors Influencing Bioavailability: First-Pass Elimination

Factors Influencing Bioavailability: First-Pass Elimination

When a drug is taken orally, it undergoes a journey starting from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, passing through the portal vein, reaching the liver, and finally entering the systemic circulation. This process involves the absorption of the drug across the GI tract. The liver is the primary site for metabolizing the drug, with some metabolism also occurring in the gut wall. This journey significantly reduces the quantity of the drug that reaches the systemic circulation, a phenomenon known as...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2025

The Caco-2 Cell Bioassay for Measurement of Food Iron Bioavailability

The Caco-2 Cell Bioassay for Measurement of Food Iron Bioavailability

Published on: April 28, 2022

Vitamin A fortification: key factors and considerations for effective implementation.

Joohun Han¹, Alvaro Durand-Morat¹, Khondoker Mottaleb²

¹Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States.

Frontiers in Public Health

|April 16, 2025

Summary

Vitamin A fortification is vital for economic development by improving human capital. Effective programs require a holistic approach, considering regional capabilities, adoption strategies, and economic outcome evaluation for success.

Keywords:

food fortification food policy hidden hunger policy design vitamin A

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Last Updated: May 13, 2025

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Improved UPLC-UV Method for the Quantification of Vitamin C in Lettuce Varieties Lactuca sativa L. and Crop Wild Relatives Lactuca spp.

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Author Spotlight: Investigating Physiological Functions of Vitamin A Transporters Using HPLC-Based Vitamin A Profiling

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Published on: December 27, 2024

Area of Science:

Public Health Nutrition
Development Economics
Agricultural Science

Background:

Vitamin A fortification is essential for human capital development and economic growth in developing nations.
Existing literature lacks a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted considerations in fortification programs.
Programs integrate nutritional, agricultural, economic, and political factors.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of Vitamin A fortification programs.
To highlight the importance of a holistic approach in designing effective fortification strategies.
To guide the development of successful, sustainable fortification initiatives.

Main Methods:

Literature review synthesizing nutritional, agricultural, economic, and political aspects.
Analysis of key considerations for program design and implementation.
Emphasis on evaluating outcomes using economic metrics.

Main Results:

Effective fortification requires assessing regional agronomic, economic, and administrative capabilities for chosen methods and vehicles.
Strategies for producer and consumer adoption are crucial for enhancing uptake rates.
Economic metrics provide a more accurate assessment of outcomes than simple before-and-after comparisons.

Conclusions:

A holistic strategy is paramount for successful Vitamin A fortification programs.
Program design must integrate regional context, adoption strategies, and robust economic evaluation.
This approach maximizes effectiveness and ensures sustainable economic development through improved human capital.