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Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Modulates Morphine Addictive-Like Behaviours Through Hippocampal Metaplasticity.

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Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in morphine-dependent rats reduced withdrawal symptoms and normalized brain plasticity. This suggests gut microbiota modulation via FMT can alleviate opioid-induced changes and addictive behaviors.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The gut-brain axis plays a role in substance use disorders (SUDs).
  • Opioid-induced gut dysbiosis may contribute to addictive behaviors by altering neuroplasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on morphine-induced changes in gut microbiota.
  • To evaluate the impact of FMT on morphine-induced neuroplasticity and addictive behaviors in rats.

Main Methods:

  • Male Wistar rats received morphine for 9 days to induce dependence.
  • Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from saline-donors was administered daily before and during morphine treatment.
  • Withdrawal syndrome was precipitated by naloxone; synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus (CA1) was assessed using field potential recordings (fEPSP).

Main Results:

  • FMT significantly reduced the severity of naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome.
  • FMT diminished the augmented long-term potentiation (LTP) observed in morphine-treated rats.
  • FMT did not affect tolerance to morphine's analgesic effects.

Conclusions:

  • Fecal microbiota transplantation from saline donors alleviates morphine-induced withdrawal and neuroplasticity changes.
  • Modulating gut microbiota through FMT shows potential for treating opioid dependence by impacting the gut-brain axis.