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Commonly Used Statistical Methods in Occupational Therapy Research.

David Levine1, Susan McDonald2, Sara Lum3

  • 1David Levine, PT, PhD, DPT, MPH, FAPTA, is Professor and Walter M. Cline Chair of Excellence in Physical Therapy, Physical Therapy, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga; david-levine@utc.edu.

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This study identified the top 25 statistical methods in occupational therapy research. These findings can guide occupational therapy curricula to improve statistical understanding and evidence-based practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Therapy
  • Statistics in Health Research

Background:

  • Occupational therapy practitioners face challenges in understanding and applying statistical methods in clinical practice.
  • A gap exists in aligning occupational therapy curricula with the statistical knowledge required for evidence-based practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the most frequently used statistical methods in occupational therapy literature.
  • To inform occupational therapy educational programs on essential statistical content for students.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of 1,223 articles from 13 core occupational therapy journals.
  • Analysis and ranking of the top 25 most common statistical methods reported in the literature.

Main Results:

  • Descriptive statistics, t-tests, confidence intervals, chi-squared (χ2), effect size, and analysis of variance were among the most prevalent methods.
  • Parametric correlations, Cronbach's alpha, post hoc analyses, and thematic analysis/coding were also frequently reported.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a data-driven list of the top 25 statistical methods crucial for occupational therapy.
  • This information can guide the integration of relevant statistical training into occupational therapy curricula.
  • Enhancing statistical competency will better equip students and practitioners to consume and implement research evidence.