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Resolving floral development dynamics using genome and single-cell temporal transcriptome of Dendrobium devonianum.

Jing Wang1,2, Ying Zhou1,3, Manchang Zhang3,4,5

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This study decodes the genetic basis for Dendrobium devonianum orchid

Keywords:
floral developmentflower colourgenomicssingle‐cell transcriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Orchidaceae Research

Background:

  • Dendrobium devonianum orchids possess unique labellum features like yellow spots and purple tips.
  • Understanding the molecular basis of these floral traits is crucial for orchid breeding and conservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind floral color and structure in Dendrobium devonianum.
  • To construct a chromosome-scale genome and single-cell transcriptomic atlas for D. devonianum.

Main Methods:

  • Chromosome-scale genome assembly and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq).
  • Bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) for MADS-box gene expression analysis.
  • Mass spectrometry imaging and developmental trajectory analysis.

Main Results:

  • Genome assembly revealed two polyploidization events. A single-cell atlas identified 11 cell clusters.
  • MADS-box gene expression aligns with the ABCDE model of flower development.
  • Yellow labellum spots correlate with carotenoid biosynthesis genes; purple coloration with anthocyanin genes, primarily in epidermal and vascular cells.

Conclusions:

  • Identified key genes and transcription factors involved in floral color and fringe formation in D. devonianum.
  • Provides foundational genomic and transcriptomic data for orchid research and breeding.
  • Offers insights into orchid evolution and diversification mechanisms.