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Early bacterial pathogen distribution and risk factors for infections after liver transplantation: Retrospective
Jingjie Guo1, Zhaojie Su1, Jianfa Zhong1
1Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen Human Organ Transplantation Quality Control Center, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Objectives:
To provide a comprehensive analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of pathogens and explore the risk factors for post-liver transplant (LT) bacterial infections.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted at Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University and the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between 2021 and 2024. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors, including clinical characteristics and genetic polymorphisms related to infections within the first month after LT.
Results:
Two hundred forty-two LT donors and recipients were included. Klebsiella pneumoniae (19.0%) was the most common gram-negative bacterium, whereas Staphylococcus aureus (7.1%) was the predominant gram-positive pathogen. A respiratory tract infection was the most common bacterial infection. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the recipient SLCO1B1 rs4149015 AA genotype, preoperative hypertension, and low preoperative red blood cell count were independent risk factors for post-LT infection in recipients.
Conclusion:
Our analysis revealed the risk factors and clinical manifestations of bacterial infections as well as their polymorphisms. These findings provide valuable insights into the early detection and prevention of bacterial infections, revealing potential avenues for the development of methods to prevent such infections and therefore improve patient prognosis after LT.
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