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Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Individualized Reconstitution of Human Milk Microbiota: A Feasible Approach in Real-World Settings
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Human milk for preterm infants.

Neena Modi1

  • 1Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital campus, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK.

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
|April 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human milk from donors differs significantly from mother's own milk, impacting preterm infant nutrition. More research is needed to ensure safe and effective use of donated milk for vulnerable infants.

Keywords:
Commercial human milk productsDonor milkEvidence-baseHuman milkInfant pretermNecrotising enterocolitisRandomised controlled trials

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Nutrition
  • Human Milk Composition
  • Infant Development

Background:

  • Human milk is biologically unique, containing nutritional and non-nutritional components vital for infant development.
  • Differences exist between an infant's own mother's milk and donated or commercial human milk.
  • Feeding preterm infants human milk involves complexities like processing, storage, and delivery methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical distinctions between maternal and donated human milk for preterm infants.
  • To examine the evidence regarding the clinical effectiveness and safety of donated human milk for preterm neonates.
  • To identify knowledge gaps in preterm infant nutrition using human milk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on human milk composition and preterm infant feeding.
  • Analysis of nutritional and non-nutritional factors in maternal versus donated human milk.
  • Evaluation of clinical trial data on the efficacy and safety of human milk for preterm infants.

Main Results:

  • Significant variations in nutritional and bioactive components between maternal and donated human milk.
  • Uncertainty regarding the clinical effectiveness and necessity of supplementation for donated human milk in preterm infants.
  • Potential risks associated with the use of donated human milk, including processing and storage effects.

Conclusions:

  • The heterogeneity of human milk necessitates careful consideration when used for preterm infants.
  • Current evidence on the safety and efficacy of donated human milk for preterm neonates is insufficient.
  • Addressing evidence gaps is crucial for improving the nutritional care of very preterm infants.