Role of SMYD2 in gastrointestinal cancer progression (Review)

Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in humans and is often associated with a poor prognosis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer progression and severity is essential for the development of effective cancer therapies. Abnormal protein methylation is associated with the occurrence and advancement of cancer, highlighting the importance of protein methyltransferase research. SET and MYND domain-containing protein 2 (SMYD2), a lysine methyltransferase, has emerged as a promising small molecule target for cancer treatment. Notably, SMYD2 is implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including gastrointestinal cancer. SMYD2 is closely associated with the tumorigenesis, proliferation, migration and other biological processes of gastrointestinal cancer, indicating its potential as a novel therapeutic target. The present review offers an in-depth analysis of SMYD2, covering its structural characteristics, regulatory pathways and functional significance. By assessing the biological roles and therapeutic potential of SMYD2, the current review presents fresh insights and perspectives for advancing research in different types of gastrointestinal cancer.