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COVID-19 in Children With Severe Lung Disease-A Tertiary Center Cohort Study in Denmark

Esben Lægsgaard1, Signe Bødker Thim1, Mette Holm2

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Center of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Pediatric Pulmonology
|April 17, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Children with severe lung disease, including chronic pulmonary disease (CPD), asthma, and cystic fibrosis (CF), did not experience increased severe COVID-19 risk. None required hospitalization, suggesting this pediatric group is not at higher risk for severe outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Children with severe lung conditions like chronic pulmonary disease (CPD), asthma, and cystic fibrosis (CF) face a higher risk of severe COVID-19.
  • Limited data exists on SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity in these pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in non-immunized children with severe lung disease.
  • To evaluate the severity of COVID-19 in this pediatric cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 664 children with severe lung disease was studied.
  • SARS-CoV-2 infection was identified using PCR and antibody testing.
  • Data was collected from the Danish Microbiology Database and electronic health records.

Main Results:

  • 18 out of 594 tested children (3%) had verified SARS-CoV-2 infection, with no significant difference from the general population.
  • Symptoms ranged from asymptomatic to mild.
  • No hospitalizations or severe COVID-19 outcomes were observed in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Children with severe lung disease in this Danish cohort showed no increased risk of hospitalization due to COVID-19.
  • These findings suggest that severe lung disease in children does not equate to a higher risk of severe COVID-19.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID‐19SARS‐CoV‐2childrenhospitalizationlung diseasepediatrics

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