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OCT macular changes in type 1 ROP following Ranibizumab injections.

Rawan Hosny1, Jylan Gouda2, Tamer A Macky2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Kasr AlAiny Hospital, Cairo University, 86 Saraya Street, Al Manial, Cairo, 11956, Egypt. rawan.m.hosny@students.kasralainy.edu.eg.

International Journal of Retina and Vitreous
|April 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ranibizumab injections for type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) led to outer retinal layer thickening and differentiation. However, macular edema resolution was inadequate, indicating potential long-term visual impairment risks.

Keywords:
Intravitreal RanibizumabMacular edemaOCTRetinopathy of prematurity

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatal Care
  • Retinal Imaging

Background:

  • Type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness.
  • Ranibizumab injections are increasingly used to treat ROP, but their long-term effects on retinal structure require further investigation.
  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is crucial for assessing macular changes in ROP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate macular changes using OCT one month after Ranibizumab injections in infants with type 1 ROP.
  • To evaluate the impact of Ranibizumab on central foveal thickness (CFT), inner retinal layer (IRL), and outer retinal layer (ORL) thickness.
  • To assess the resolution of macular edema (ME) and its correlation with clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study included preterm infants with type 1 ROP receiving Ranibizumab injections.
  • Handheld OCT imaging was performed at baseline, 1 week, and 1 month post-injection.
  • Measurements included CFT, IRL, and ORL thickness, along with assessment for ME and retinal layer differentiation.

Main Results:

  • Significant increase in ORL thickness and differentiation (IS/OS junction, ELM appearance) observed at 1 month post-injection (p < 0.001).
  • Macular edema (ME) was present in 50% of eyes, associated with lower birth weight (p=0.0290).
  • Inadequate ME resolution (50% complete resolution) and no significant decrease in CFT were noted at 1 month. Regression of plus disease correlated with lower CFT.

Conclusions:

  • Ranibizumab treatment in type 1 ROP eyes promotes ORL thickening and differentiation.
  • However, inadequate ME resolution suggests potential for persistent visual impairment.
  • Further research is needed to optimize treatment strategies for ROP to ensure complete macular recovery.