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Related Concept Videos

Taste Buds and Receptors01:20

Taste Buds and Receptors

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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Assessment of the Mouth01:26

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A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

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5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

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Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
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Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

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The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
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Tonsillitis II: Management01:26

Tonsillitis II: Management

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This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2025

Murine Salivary Functional Assessment via Pilocarpine Stimulation Following Fractionated Radiation
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Dysgeusia After Comprehensive Treatment for Oral Cavity Cancer.

Chien-Yueh Shih1, Rong-San Jiang2, Ching-Ping Wang1

  • 1Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.

The Laryngoscope
|April 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Radiotherapy and total glossectomy are significant risk factors for taste dysfunction in oral cavity cancer patients. Patients should be informed about potential taste changes following treatment.

Keywords:
dysgeusiaglossectomyoral cavity cancerradiotherapysolution‐based taste test

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Gustatory function is vital but often overlooked in clinical practice.
  • Oral cavity cancer treatments can significantly impact taste sensation.
  • Identifying risk factors for dysgeusia is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine risk factors for dysgeusia in oral cavity cancer patients post-treatment.
  • To assess the impact of comprehensive treatment on taste function.
  • To inform clinical attention towards taste disorders in these patients.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective enrollment of 104 oral cavity cancer patients undergoing surgical intervention.
  • Taste sensation evaluated using a solution-based test before and 6 months after treatment.
  • Analysis of demographic and treatment-related data, including radiotherapy, glossectomy, and chemotherapy.

Main Results:

  • Radiotherapy (RR, 13.90) and total glossectomy (RR, 6.20) were identified as significant risk factors for dysgeusia.
  • Partial glossectomy and chemotherapy showed less significant associations with taste dysfunction.
  • Post-treatment taste alterations were observed in a notable percentage of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Dysgeusia is a significant, though non-life-threatening, side effect of oral cavity cancer treatment.
  • Physicians should actively address taste disorders in patients undergoing comprehensive cancer therapy.
  • Patient awareness regarding potential taste alterations is essential for managing expectations and quality of life.