An Updated Review of Enterococcus cecorum Infections in Poultry.

Area of Science:

• Veterinary microbiology
• Avian pathology
• Bacterial infections in poultry

Background:

• Pathogenic Enterococcus cecorum (EC) has been linked to skeletal disease, particularly enterococcal spondylitis, in older broiler chickens since the early 2000s.
• These infections typically involve persistent EC in the free thoracic vertebrae, leading to paralysis.
• A recent shift shows virulent EC emerging in younger broiler flocks, causing clinical septicemia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current research on Enterococcus cecorum.
• To highlight emerging trends in EC pathogenicity, including septicemia in young broilers.
• To identify pending industry needs related to EC control and management.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific publications on Enterococcus cecorum in poultry.
• Analysis of epidemiological data on EC-related diseases in broiler chickens.
• Synthesis of research findings to identify knowledge gaps and industry challenges.

Main Results:

• Enterococcus cecorum is a significant pathogen causing skeletal issues and paralysis in older broilers.
• Virulent EC strains are increasingly implicated in severe systemic infections (septicemia) in younger broiler chickens.
• There is a need for updated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for EC infections.

Conclusions:

• Enterococcus cecorum poses an evolving threat to broiler chicken health, necessitating updated research.
• The emergence of septicemic EC in young birds requires urgent attention and investigation.
• Further research and industry collaboration are crucial for effective control of Enterococcus cecorum.