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Related Experiment Videos

Solid-Solution Phase Transition Induced by Surface Electrochemico-Mechanical Interactions for High-Voltage

Zibin Liang1, Chuying Ouyang1,2, Longze Li1

  • 121C LAB, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, Ningde, Fujian 352000, China.

ACS Nano
|April 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

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In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
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Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
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A novel Mn-gradient surface layer on sodium-layered oxide (SLO) cathodes prevents detrimental phase transitions. This strategy enhances electrochemical performance and stability for high-voltage sodium-ion batteries.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Sodium-layered oxide (SLO) cathodes are crucial for high-voltage sodium-ion batteries.
  • Phase transitions, particularly to the OP intergrowth phase, limit SLO performance by causing sluggish kinetics, strain, and reactivity.
  • Existing strategies like bulk doping have limitations in controlling these phase transitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of a Mn-gradient surface layer on the phase transition behavior of SLO cathodes.
  • To understand how this surface modification influences electrochemical performance at high voltages.
  • To explore a new strategy for enhancing sodium-ion battery cathode stability and energy density.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of SLO cathodes with a Mn-gradient surface layer.
Keywords:
cathodeselectrochemico–mechanical interactionhigh-voltagephase changesodium layered oxidessodium-ion batteries

Related Experiment Videos

  • In situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Cryo-Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (Cryo-STEM) to analyze phase transitions.
  • Electrochemical testing at high voltages (up to 4.3 V) to evaluate performance metrics.

    • Main Results:

    • The Mn-gradient surface layer successfully tuned the bulk phase transition from OP intergrowth to a stress-free O3 solid-solution.
    • The Mn-rich surface exhibited asynchronous Na extraction, suppressing OP intergrowth nucleation and growth.
    • SLO cathodes with the Mn-gradient surface showed significantly improved energy density, rate capability, efficiency, and cycling stability.

    Conclusions:

    • A Mn-gradient surface layer is an effective strategy for controlling phase transitions in SLO cathodes.
    • This surface engineering approach overcomes limitations associated with bulk doping for high-voltage applications.
    • The enhanced O3 solid-solution phase transition behavior leads to superior electrochemical performance, paving the way for advanced sodium-ion batteries.