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Assessing Directional Time-Dependent Interference Vulnerabilities in Closed-Box Wireless Systems.

Michelle Pirrone^1,2, Jordan Bernhardt¹, Adam Wunderlich¹

¹Communications Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.

IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility

|April 23, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals pulse-modulated noise (PMN) significantly degrades wireless link performance, impacting both source and destination. Established testing using stationary noise may underestimate real-world interference vulnerabilities.

Keywords:

Interference immunity testing test methods time-scale wi-fi wireless communications

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Area of Science:

Wireless communication security
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) analysis

Background:

Consumer wireless systems face interference, impacting performance.
Existing interference testing often uses stationary noise, which may not reflect real-world scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a methodology for assessing time-dependent interference vulnerabilities in wireless systems.
To evaluate the impact of pulse-modulated noise (PMN) on different wireless links.

Main Methods:

A general methodology was applied to two closed-box, consumer off-the-shelf (COTS) wireless systems.
A point-to-point microwave link (6 GHz) and an IEEE 802.11n Wi-Fi link (5 GHz) were tested.
Injected pulse-modulated noise (PMN) with varying periods targeted both the data source and destination.

Main Results:

Observed asymmetric link throughput variations based on interference source (source vs. destination).
Identified throughput degradations on specific interference time-scales, critical for quality of service.
Demonstrated inter-system differences in susceptibility to various interference time-scales.

Conclusions:

PMN causes greater link degradation than stationary additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) of equal average power.
Current interference testing methodologies using AWGN may be insufficient.
Re-evaluation of interference testing benchmarks is necessary for accurate vulnerability assessment.