Potentiating Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer via the Humanized Anti-CD147

Kanyarat Thongheang1,2, Thanathat Pamonsupornwichit2, Kanokporn Sornsuwan2,3

  • 1Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.

PubMed
Abstract

Insights

A new antibody, HuM6-1B9, shows promise for treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). It effectively kills cancer cells through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and may offer a better option than current therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive, lacks standard treatment targets (ER, PR, HER2), and has a poor prognosis.
  • CD147 is overexpressed in TNBC, driving tumor progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance, making it a key therapeutic target.
  • Novel strategies are needed due to limitations of current therapies like hormone therapies and HER2-targeted antibodies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of the humanized anti-CD147 antibody, HuM6-1B9.
  • To assess the efficacy of HuM6-1B9 against MDA-MB-231 cells, a model for triple-negative breast cancer.
  • To compare HuM6-1B9's ADCC activity with that of trastuzumab.

Main Methods:

  • MDA-MB-231 cells were labeled with CFSE and co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as effector cells.
  • The co-culture system utilized an effector-to-target cell ratio of 80:1 in the presence of HuM6-1B9.
  • Cell death was analyzed via flow cytometry after staining with propidium iodide (PI) to identify dead target cells (CFSE+/PI+).

Main Results:

  • HuM6-1B9 effectively induced ADCC against MDA-MB-231 cells without causing direct cytotoxicity.
  • The anti-CD147 antibody HuM6-1B9 mediated 54.01% cancer cell death through ADCC.
  • HuM6-1B9 demonstrated significantly higher efficacy (54.01% cell death) compared to trastuzumab (26.14%) while sparing PBMCs.

Conclusions:

  • HuM6-1B9 shows potential as a novel therapeutic agent for triple-negative breast cancer.
  • The study supports further clinical investigation of HuM6-1B9 for TNBC treatment.
  • ADCC mediated by HuM6-1B9 represents a promising mechanism for targeting TNBC.

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