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Incidence and Risk Factors for Tinnitus Among Military Service Members in the Millennium Cohort Study
Toni Rose T Geronimo-Hara1,2, Jennifer N Belding3, Steven G Warner1,2
1Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA.
American Journal of Audiology
|April 23, 2025
Summary
Military noise exposure increases tinnitus risk. This study identified risk factors for new-onset tinnitus in service members, including combat deployment and mental health conditions like PTSD.
Area of Science:
- Military Health
- Epidemiology
- Audiology
Background:
- Military personnel face high-noise environments, elevating tinnitus risk.
- Previous research often used small, specific cohorts, limiting generalizability.
- Longitudinal data is crucial for understanding tinnitus development in military populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of new-onset tinnitus in a large, representative military cohort.
- To identify risk factors associated with new-onset tinnitus.
- To leverage longitudinal data for robust analysis.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Millennium Cohort Study, a large longitudinal health study.
- Ascertained tinnitus using both self-reported data and medical diagnoses.
- Employed multivariable logistic regression to identify associated factors.
Main Results:
- 10.7% self-reported new-onset tinnitus; 3.5% had a medical diagnosis.
- Risk factors included active duty, Army/Marine Corps service, combat deployment, and combat specialist roles.
- History of mild traumatic brain injury, panic/anxiety, PTSD (alone or with depression) were significant risk factors.
Conclusions:
- This study provides novel insights into new-onset tinnitus in a large prospective military cohort using combined data sources.
- Findings highlight the association between occupational exposures, combat, and mental health conditions with tinnitus.
- Further longitudinal research is recommended to confirm temporal relationships.
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