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Polysorbate 80: a pharmacological study.

R K Varma, R Kaushal, A Y Junnarkar

    Arzneimittel-Forschung
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Polysorbate 80 exhibits low-order toxicity and central nervous system effects in rodents. While not suitable for isolated tissue or intravenous use, it can be safely employed as a vehicle in neuropsychopharmacological studies at specific doses.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Toxicology
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) is a common surfactant used as a solvent in pharmacological research.
    • Understanding its toxicological profile is crucial for appropriate experimental design.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the toxicity and physiological effects of polysorbate 80.
    • To determine its suitability as a solvent and vehicle in various experimental settings.

    Main Methods:

    • Administration of polysorbate 80 via intraperitoneal (i.p.) and oral (p.o.) routes in mice and rats.
    • Intravenous administration in dogs.
    • Assessment of effects on isolated tissues (guinea pig ileum, rat uterus, rabbit jejunum).
    • Evaluation of cardiovascular effects on atrial preparations.

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  • Diuresis testing in rats.
  • Main Results:

    • Low-order toxicity observed in rodents with CNS depression, reduced locomotor activity, ataxia, and potentiation of pentobarbital sleeping time.
    • Dose-dependent hypotensive effect in dogs.
    • Antagonism of contractile responses in isolated tissues, with a direct relaxant effect on rabbit jejunum.
    • Myocardial depressant and negative inotropic effects on atrial preparations.
    • No significant diuretic effect observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Polysorbate 80 is not recommended as a solvent for isolated tissue experiments or for intravenous administration due to its observed effects.
    • It can be safely used as a vehicle in neuropsychopharmacological experiments at doses up to 1 ml/kg.