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Association of APOB (rs515135) and PCSK9 (rs505151) gene polymorphisms with CAD in the Indian population

Ale Eba1, Syed Tasleem Raza2, Irshad Ahmad Wani3

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, India.

Biomarkers in Medicine
|April 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The APOB G allele may protect against coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Indian population. This genetic finding could aid in identifying individuals at lower risk for CAD.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Cardiovascular Disease
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex condition influenced by genetic and clinical factors.
  • Lipid metabolism genes, including apolipoprotein B (APOB) and PCSK9, are implicated in CAD susceptibility.
  • Investigating specific genetic polymorphisms in diverse populations like India is crucial for understanding CAD risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between APOB (rs515135) and PCSK9 (rs505151) gene polymorphisms and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in an Indian population.
  • To determine if specific alleles or genotypes of these lipid metabolism genes confer protection or susceptibility to CAD.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 150 CAD patients and 150 healthy controls.
  • Genotyping of APOB and PCSK9 polymorphisms using specific primers and restriction digestion.
  • Statistical analysis included t-tests, odds ratios, and haplotype analysis to assess genetic associations.

Main Results:

  • CAD cases exhibited higher serum cholesterol and VLDL levels compared to controls.
  • The G allele of the APOB gene (rs515135) demonstrated a significant protective effect against CAD (Odds Ratio: 0.431, p=0.001).
  • No significant association was found for the studied PCSK9 polymorphism.

Conclusions:

  • The APOB G allele appears to be a protective factor against coronary artery disease in the studied Indian population.
  • This finding suggests the potential utility of the APOB G allele in genetic screening for reduced CAD risk.
  • Larger-scale studies are warranted to validate these results and explore the broader implications for CAD prevention.
Abstract

Keywords:
APOB (rs515135)Indian populationPCSK9 (rs505151)cardiovascular diseasecoronary artery diseasegene polymorphismlipid metabolismodds ratio

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