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Life History-Dependent Brain Transcriptomic Signatures in Nothobranchids: Insights into Aging, Neurogenesis, and Life

C J Leow¹, K R Piller¹

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA 70402, USA.

Integrative Organismal Biology (Oxford, England)

|April 24, 2025

Summary

Brain gene expression in killifish reveals significant life history signatures. Short-lived species show downregulated neurogenesis genes, while longer-lived ones utilize pathways like Notch signaling.

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Area of Science:

Comparative genomics
Aging research
Neurobiology

Background:

The African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) is a key model for aging studies.
Nothobranchids exhibit diverse lifespans linked to annual, semi-annual, and non-annual life histories.
Understanding brain transcriptomics across these life histories can illuminate aging mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate brain transcriptomic signatures across different killifish life histories.
To identify genes and pathways associated with lifespan variation in nothobranchids.
To assess the utility of non-model killifish species for comparative aging research.

Main Methods:

Comparative transcriptomic analysis of brain and liver tissues from adult nothobranchids.
Identification of differentially expressed genes related to life history variations.
Enrichment analysis of signaling pathways, including Notch signaling.

Main Results:

Brain gene expression profiles strongly reflect life history traits, more so than liver tissue.
Semi-annual species show upregulated cell division and mitosis genes compared to non-annual species.
Short-lived annual species exhibit downregulated neurogenesis-related genes (DNMT3A, SOX2, FGF10).

Conclusions:

Brain transcriptomics provides valuable insights into killifish life history and aging.
The Notch signaling pathway is implicated in the longevity of non-annual killifish.
Non-model nothobranchids are suitable comparative models for studying aging and neurogenesis.