Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Carbon-13 (¹³C) NMR: Overview01:10

Carbon-13 (¹³C) NMR: Overview

6.6K
Carbon-13 is a naturally occurring NMR-active isotope of carbon with a low natural abundance of 1.1%. In contrast, carbon-12 is the most abundant isotope of carbon with zero nuclear spin. Therefore, it is NMR inactive. The gyromagnetic ratio of carbon-13 is smaller than that of protons. As a result, carbon-13 resonance is about 6000 times weaker than proton resonance. For a given magnetic field strength, the resonance frequency of carbon-13 is about one-fourth of the resonance frequency for...
6.6K
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

1.3K
When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
1.3K
2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

1.3K
Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
1.3K
NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds01:14

NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds

4.7K
Aromatic compounds can be identified or analyzed using proton NMR and carbon‐13 NMR. Typically, aromatic hydrogens or hydrogens directly bonded to the aromatic rings are strongly deshielded by the aromatic ring current. Therefore, they absorb in the range of 6.5–8.0 ppm in proton NMR spectra. For instance, aromatic hydrogens directly bonded to the benzene ring absorb at 7.3 ppm. However, aromatic hydrogens of larger rings absorb farther upfield or downfield than the ideal range.
4.7K
NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives01:37

NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives

10.3K
Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling...
10.3K
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

1.7K
The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Platform Potential of <i>Sphingobium lignivorans</i> SYK-6 for Lignin Valorization via Biological Funneling.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry·2026
Same author

Structural Properties of Coniferyl Alcohol-Based Low Transition Temperature Mixtures.

ACS omega·2026
Same author

Effect of the lignin type on the gas/UV barrier properties of lignin-polyethyleneimine based composite films.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Molecular Mechanism Underlying the Crystallinity Changes of Cellulose upon Fibrillation and Reassembly Revealed via Two-Dimensional Solid-State NMR.

Biomacromolecules·2026
Same author

Sustainable Nonenantioselective Production and Stereochemical Characterization of the Lignin-Derived Chiral Building Block 3-Carboxymuconolactone.

ChemistryOpen·2026
Same author

TfOH-catalyzed cyclization/rearrangement of alkynyl aryl sulfoxides for metal-free synthesis of six- to nine-membered sulfur-containing heterocycles.

Organic & biomolecular chemistry·2025
Same journal

Strain-Level Food Surveillance of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using a Specific-Nonspecific Hybrid Sensor Array Strategy.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

A Field-Portable Fe(IV)-Mediated Competitive Quenching Chemiluminescence Platform with a Synchronous Y-Shaped Flow-through Cell for Broad-Spectrum Quantification of Volatile Phenols.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Single-Molecule Characterization of CRISPR-Cas12a for Amplification-Free Genetic Testing.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Integrated Acoustofluidic Manipulation and Oscillation-Stabilized Magnetic Relaxation Biosensing for <i>Salmonella</i> Detection.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

A Self-Powered Sensing Platform Based on the Janus Heterostructure for Machine Learning-Assisted Dual-Mode Detection of 17β-Estradiol.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Large Language Model-Generated Dietary Metabolite Biomarker Database Drives Deep Annotation of the Human Diet Metabolome.

Analytical chemistry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Ultrafast Lignin Extraction from Unusual Mediterranean Lignocellulosic Residues
09:22

Ultrafast Lignin Extraction from Unusual Mediterranean Lignocellulosic Residues

Published on: March 9, 2021

6.4K

Quantitative Characterization of Modified Lignin Using Solid-State 13C NMR Spectroscopy.

Haruka Sotome-Yukisada1, Kentaro Hiratsuka1, Keiichi Noguchi2

  • 1Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.

Analytical Chemistry
|April 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy offers reliable lignin derivative characterization. This quantitative method determines chemical structures and substitution degrees without lignin decomposition.

More Related Videos

Estimation of Plant Biomass Lignin Content using Thioglycolic Acid TGA
09:25

Estimation of Plant Biomass Lignin Content using Thioglycolic Acid TGA

Published on: July 24, 2021

9.3K
Quantitative 31P NMR Analysis of Lignins and Tannins
05:57

Quantitative 31P NMR Analysis of Lignins and Tannins

Published on: August 2, 2021

12.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Ultrafast Lignin Extraction from Unusual Mediterranean Lignocellulosic Residues
09:22

Ultrafast Lignin Extraction from Unusual Mediterranean Lignocellulosic Residues

Published on: March 9, 2021

6.4K
Estimation of Plant Biomass Lignin Content using Thioglycolic Acid TGA
09:25

Estimation of Plant Biomass Lignin Content using Thioglycolic Acid TGA

Published on: July 24, 2021

9.3K
Quantitative 31P NMR Analysis of Lignins and Tannins
05:57

Quantitative 31P NMR Analysis of Lignins and Tannins

Published on: August 2, 2021

12.1K

Area of Science:

  • Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Lignin derivatives require precise characterization for understanding chemical modifications.
  • Quantitative analysis of lignin structures is crucial for various applications.
  • Existing methods may involve chemical treatments or decomposition, limiting their utility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a quantitative evaluation system for lignin derivatives using a specific NMR technique.
  • To determine the chemical structures and degree of substitution in modified lignins.
  • To demonstrate the applicability of the method without degrading the lignin sample.

Main Methods:

  • Solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
  • Magic angle spinning (MAS) and direct polarization (DP) techniques.
  • Quantitative analysis of esterifying reactions in lignin derivatives using DPMAS 13C NMR.

Main Results:

  • The DPMAS 13C NMR spectroscopy enabled a comprehensive determination of the whole lignin structure.
  • The study successfully quantified the esterifying reaction in lignin derivatives.
  • The method proved effective for structural elucidation and determining the degree of substitution.

Conclusions:

  • DPMAS 13C NMR spectroscopy is a powerful, quantitative tool for lignin derivative characterization.
  • This technique allows for detailed structural analysis without requiring specific chemical treatments or lignin decomposition.
  • The developed quantitative evaluation system has broad applicability in lignin research and development.