Simultaneous determination of 16 herbicides in Procambarus clarkii

This study is focused on developing a sensitive and reliable analytical method for determining 16 herbicides in Procambarus clarkii using pass-through solid phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The samples were extracted with ethyl acetate, concentrated using parallel rotary evaporator, and purified using neutral alumina solid-phase extraction column (Alumina-N SPE). Separation of herbicides was performed on an Eclipse Plus C18 column, followed by detection in positive ion mode via multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and quantification using an external standard. An excellent linearity in the range of 0.25 to 80.0 μg/L was achieved, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99. The average recoveries of the 16 herbicide residues ranged from 73.7 % to 111.9 %, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 15 % at spiked levels of 0.4, 2.0, and 4.0 μg/kg. These results demonstrated that the developed method was suitable for detecting triazine, amide and dinitroaniline herbicides in Procambarus clarkii.