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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2025

Surgical Retrieval, Isolation and In vitro Expansion of Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament-derived Cells for Tissue Engineering Applications

Surgical Retrieval, Isolation and In vitro Expansion of Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament-derived Cells for Tissue Engineering Applications

Published on: April 30, 2014

Multiligament Knee Injuries: Updates of the Debates.

Elsayed Morsi¹, Adel Adawy², Mohamed Rabie³

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.

Indian Journal of Orthopaedics

|April 25, 2025

Summary

Multiligament knee injuries (MLKI) are complex, with limited evidence for optimal management. This review explores current debates and expert opinions on diagnosing and treating these challenging knee injuries.

Keywords:

Anterior cruciate ligament Knee Multi-ligament injury Posterior cruciate ligament Posterolateral corner Posteromedial corner

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Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Sports Medicine
Rehabilitation Science

Background:

Multiligament knee injuries (MLKI) present significant challenges, potentially leading to osteoarthritis and impacting return to work or sport.
Current high-level evidence and expert consensus on MLKI management strategies remain insufficient.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current debates surrounding multiligament knee injuries (MLKI), including diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.
To elucidate expert opinions on controversial aspects of MLKI from Middle Eastern scholars.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive literature search was conducted across Medline, Embase, PubMed, and PEDro databases up to February 2024.
Search terms included variations of 'multi-ligament' and 'knee' to identify relevant studies.

Main Results:

An initial search yielded 1009 eligible studies.
The final analysis included 251 articles, comprising 24 systematic reviews and 227 clinical studies.

Conclusions:

The rarity of MLKI hinders the execution of large-scale prospective randomized controlled trials.
Diverse presentations of MLKI necessitate tailored diagnostic and management plans based on thorough clinical knowledge and experience.