Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Force Classification01:22

Force Classification

1.0K
Forces play a crucial role in the study of physics and engineering. They are essential in describing the motion, behavior, and equilibrium of objects in the physical world. Forces can be classified based on their origin, type, and direction of action.
Contact and non-contact forces are two of the most widely used categories of forces. As the name suggests, contact forces require physical contact between two objects to act upon each other. Examples of contact forces include frictional,...
1.0K
Machines: Problem Solving II01:30

Machines: Problem Solving II

263
Machines are complex structures consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that work together to transmit forces. Consider a lifting tong carrying a 100 kg load. It comprises movable sections DAF and CBG linked together with member AB.
263
Machines: Problem Solving I01:22

Machines: Problem Solving I

268
A toggle clamp is a mechanical device commonly used for holding and clamping objects in various applications, such as woodworking, metalworking, and assembly operations. Consider a toggle clamp subjected to a force of 200 N at the handle. The vertical clamping force can be calculated, provided the dimensions of the toggle clamp are known.
The toggle clamp system is a machine structure consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that form a stabilized system to transmit forces. The...
268
Classification of Signals01:30

Classification of Signals

315
In signal processing, signals are classified based on various characteristics: continuous-time versus discrete-time, periodic versus aperiodic, analog versus digital, and causal versus noncausal. Each category highlights distinct properties crucial for understanding and manipulating signals.
A continuous-time signal holds a value at every instant in time, representing information seamlessly. In contrast, a discrete-time signal holds values only at specific moments, often denoted as x(n), where...
315
Classification of Systems-II01:31

Classification of Systems-II

119
Continuous-time systems have continuous input and output signals, with time measured continuously. These systems are generally defined by differential or algebraic equations. For instance, in an RC circuit, the relationship between input and output voltage is expressed through a differential equation derived from Ohm's law and the capacitor relation,
119
Classification of Systems-I01:26

Classification of Systems-I

156
Linearity is a system property characterized by a direct input-output relationship, combining homogeneity and additivity.
Homogeneity dictates that if an input x(t) is multiplied by a constant c, the output y(t) is multiplied by the same constant. Mathematically, this is expressed as:
156

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

What do we know about the epidermis' optical properties and their influence on optical device functionality?

Biophotonics discovery·2026
Same author

Advances in Whole Blood Separation Techniques for Point-of-Care Testing.

ACS sensors·2025
Same author

Robust Prediction of Cardiorespiratory Signals from a Multimodal Physiological System on the Upper Arm.

Biosensors·2025
Same author

A Novel Wearable Device for Continuous Blood Pressure Monitoring Utilizing Strain Gauge Technology.

Biosensors·2025
Same author

Synthetic ultrasound images to benchmark echocardiography-based biomechanics.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025
Same author

Hypoglycemia Prediction in Type 1 Diabetes With Electrocardiography Beat Ensembles.

Journal of diabetes science and technology·2025
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
05:48

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.3K

Machine Learning-Based VO2 Estimation Using a Wearable Multiwavelength Photoplethysmography Device.

Chin-To Hsiao1, Carl Tong2, Gerard L Coté1,3,4

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.

Biosensors
|April 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new wearable device estimates oxygen consumption (VO2) using photoplethysmography and machine learning. This technology offers continuous, accurate cardiovascular health monitoring outside clinical settings.

Keywords:
PPGmachine learningoxygen consumption (VO2)wearable sensor

More Related Videos

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

377
Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness
03:14

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

Published on: December 6, 2024

462

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 10, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
05:48

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.3K
Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

377
Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness
03:14

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

Published on: December 6, 2024

462

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Wearable Technology

Background:

  • Oxygen consumption (VO2) is vital for assessing cardiovascular health, metabolic status, and respiratory function.
  • VO2 is a key prognostic indicator for heart failure (HF) patients, reflecting cardiac output (CO) and aerobic fitness.
  • Traditional VO2 assessment methods are cumbersome, limiting continuous monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel wrist-worn photoplethysmography (PPG) device with a machine learning algorithm for continuous VO2 estimation.
  • To overcome the limitations of traditional, bulky VO2 assessment systems.

Main Methods:

  • A multiwavelength PPG wearable device utilizing five wavelengths (670-950 nm) and the Beer-Lambert Law was developed.
  • A machine learning algorithm incorporated PPG data, including the isosbestic point at 810 nm, to estimate VO2.
  • Validation involved eight subjects using a modified Bruce protocol, comparing PPG estimates against a gold-standard gas analysis system.

Main Results:

  • The PPG-based VO2 estimation achieved a mean absolute error of 1.66 mL/kg/min.
  • The model demonstrated a high correlation with gold-standard measurements, achieving an R² of 0.94.
  • The device provided precise, individualized VO2 estimates based on direct tissue oxygenation data.

Conclusions:

  • The novel wearable PPG device offers a clinically viable solution for continuous and accurate VO2 monitoring.
  • This technology facilitates accessible cardiovascular assessment beyond specialized clinical environments.
  • The findings suggest a significant advancement in wearable health technology for personalized medicine.