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The Nexus Between Sperm Membrane Integrity, Sperm Motility, and DNA Fragmentation.

Alfredo Góngora1, Stephen Johnston2,3, Pablo Contreras4

  • 1Centro de Fertilidad Humana en Mexico DF, Ciudad de México 06760, Mexico.

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|April 25, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study links sperm membrane integrity and motility, finding damaged membranes correlate with immotility. Sperm DNA fragmentation appears independent, with AI identifying distinct male fertility profiles.

Keywords:
cluster analysisintegrated sperm qualitysperm DNA fragmentationsperm motilitysperm plasma membrane integrity

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Andrology
  • Spermatozoa Analysis

Background:

  • Male fertility assessment traditionally relies on individual sperm parameters.
  • A comprehensive understanding of the interrelationships between sperm quality markers is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Sperm plasma membrane integrity, motility, and DNA fragmentation (SDF) are key indicators of male reproductive health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interrelationships between sperm plasma membrane integrity, motility, and DNA fragmentation (SDF).
  • To provide a more holistic understanding of male fertility using integrated sperm parameters.
  • To explore the utility of artificial intelligence (AI) in identifying distinct male fertility profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1159 ejaculates for sperm membrane integrity (% dead spermatozoa), motility (% immotile spermatozoa), and SDF (% sperm with fragmented DNA).
  • Application of non-parametric correlation analysis to assess relationships between parameters.
  • Utilization of AI-generated cluster analysis to identify patterns and patient subgroups.

Main Results:

  • A moderate correlation (ρ = 0.65) was observed between sperm membrane integrity and motility.
  • Sperm DNA fragmentation showed a weak correlation (ρ = 0.21) with membrane integrity and motility, suggesting independence.
  • AI cluster analysis identified three distinct groups based on combined sperm parameters, revealing varying levels of fertility potential.

Conclusions:

  • Sperm membrane integrity and motility are moderately interrelated, with immotility often linked to membrane damage.
  • Sperm DNA fragmentation is largely independent of membrane integrity and motility.
  • AI-driven cluster analysis offers a novel approach for individualized male infertility diagnosis by integrating multiple sperm parameters.