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WEDM: Wavelet-Enhanced Diffusion with Multi-Stage Frequency Learning for Underwater Image Enhancement.

Junhao Chen¹, Sichao Ye², Xiong Ouyang³

¹Faculty of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.

Journal of Imaging

|April 25, 2025

Summary

This study introduces the Wavelet-based Enhancement Diffusion Model (WEDM) for underwater image enhancement. WEDM improves color and detail restoration by integrating wavelet transforms with diffusion models, addressing challenges in marine exploration.

Keywords:

diffusion models frequency-domain processing underwater image enhancement wavelet transform

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Area of Science:

Computer Vision
Image Processing
Marine Science

Background:

Underwater images suffer degradation from light absorption and scattering, causing color distortion and loss of detail.
Existing spatial-domain methods often overlook crucial frequency-domain information for texture and edge restoration.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a novel underwater image enhancement (UIE) framework, the Wavelet-based Enhancement Diffusion Model (WEDM).
To leverage frequency-domain analysis and diffusion models for improved UIE.
To enhance visual quality for marine exploration and ecological monitoring applications.

Main Methods:

The proposed WEDM framework integrates frequency-domain decomposition with diffusion models.
It features a Wavelet Color Compensation Module (WCCM) for LAB color correction using discrete wavelet transform.
A Wavelet Diffusion Module (WDM) employs wavelet-based operations, replacing convolutions to preserve multi-scale frequency features.

Main Results:

The WEDM framework effectively reduces noise amplification and high-frequency blurring by combining residual denoising diffusion with frequency-specific processing.
Ablation studies confirmed the critical contributions of both WCCM and WDM to enhanced color fidelity and texture details.
The framework provides a robust solution for underwater visual tasks.

Conclusions:

The Wavelet-based Enhancement Diffusion Model (WEDM) offers a significant advancement in underwater image enhancement.
Its integration of wavelet transforms and diffusion models effectively addresses degradation issues.
WEDM shows strong potential for applications in marine exploration and ecological monitoring.