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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Binge Eating Disorders01:23

Binge Eating Disorders

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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

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Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2025

An Acupoint Catgut-embedding Therapy for Treating Obesity
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Obesity: pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions.

Yue Kong1, Haokun Yang2, Rong Nie1

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.

Molecular Biomedicine
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Summary

Obesity is a global crisis with limited treatments. This review explores obesity

Keywords:
BerberineComplicationsNatural productObesityPathophysiologyTherapies

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic disorders
  • Public health
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Obesity affects over 650 million adults globally, posing a significant public health challenge.
  • It is a complex metabolic disorder involving adipose tissue expansion, inflammation, and hormonal imbalance.
  • Obesity is linked to severe comorbidities like type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, increasing mortality risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity.
  • To analyze major obesity-related complications.
  • To critically evaluate current and emerging anti-obesity strategies, focusing on plant-derived compounds like berberine.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data and scientific literature on obesity.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological pathways and disease mechanisms.
  • Evaluation of clinical efficacy and molecular mechanisms of pharmacological interventions, including natural compounds.

Main Results:

  • Obesity is a multifactorial disease with limited success in current weight management and prevention strategies.
  • Emerging pharmacological interventions, such as berberine, show promise for treating obesity and its complications.
  • Understanding molecular mechanisms is key to developing safe and effective obesity treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Novel therapeutic agents are urgently needed due to the escalating prevalence and earlier onset of obesity.
  • Plant-derived compounds like berberine offer potential for safe and effective obesity management.
  • Integrating mechanistic insights with clinical evidence is crucial for advancing obesity treatment perspectives.