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Coronary artery disease is associated with particular change of serum metabolome: a case-control study
Marcin Kondraciuk1, Małgorzata Chlabicz2,3,4, Jacek Jamiołkowski1,5
1Population Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Insights
Coronary artery disease (CAD) patients have lower levels of sphingomyelin 41:1 (SM 41:1) in their blood. This metabolite may aid in risk stratification and developing new therapies for cardiovascular disease.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Metabolomics
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading global cause of mortality.
- Metabolomics advancements offer new strategies for CVD evaluation.
- This study explores metabolomic profiling for enhanced cardiovascular disease characterization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if metabolomic profiles can further characterize individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD).
- To identify specific metabolites associated with the presence of CAD.
Main Methods:
- Serum samples from 167 CAD patients and 166 controls were analyzed.
- Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry profiled 188 metabolites.
- Multiple linear regression models assessed associations between 132 metabolites and CAD.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in serum metabolic profiles were observed between CAD patients and controls.
- Sphingomyelin 41:1 (SM 41:1) was the primary metabolite independently associated with CAD.
- SM 41:1 levels were lower in CAD patients and inversely correlated with CAD, smoking, and hypertension.
Conclusions:
- CAD patients exhibit reduced plasma concentrations of SM 41:1 compared to healthy individuals.
- Understanding sphingomyelin's role in CAD could lead to improved therapeutic strategies.
- SM 41:1 may serve as a biomarker for risk stratification in CAD.
Introduction:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant cause of mortality worldwide. Preventive programs are trying to reduce the burden of the disease. Recent advances in metabolomics profiling open a new avenue for developing complementary CVD evaluation strategies.
Objectives:
The aim of the study was to investigate whether a metabolomic profile can provide an additional characterisation of individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods:
The study included 167 participants with CAD aged 41-79 years. A control group was formed of 166 individuals without CAD, gender- and age-matched to the study group. A total of 188 metabolites were profiled in serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. After clearing the data, associations between 132 metabolites and CAD presence were analysed using multiple linear regression models.
Results:
We observed significant differences in serum metabolic profiles between analysed groups on various levels. However, a deeper analysis revealed sphingomyelin 41:1 (SM 41:1) as the main metabolite independently associated with CAD after correction for classical CV risk factors. Its concentration was lower in the CAD group (median 9.79 µmol/L, interquartile range (IQR) 7.92-12.23) compared to control one (median 13.60 µmol/L, IQR 11.30-16.15) (p < 0.001). Further analysis showed that SM 41:1 concentration was inversely correlated with CAD, current smoking, and hypertension; and positively associated with female gender and non-HDL level.
Conclusions:
CAD patients present lower plasma concentrations of SM 41:1 than healthy subjects. A better understanding of the biological function of sphingomyelin in CAD patients may help develop therapeutic approaches and risk stratification in this group.
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