Differences in Plasma Lactoferrin Concentrations Between Subjects with Normal Cognitive Function and Mild Cognitive...

Area of Science:

• Biomarkers
• Neuroscience
• Gerontology

Background:

• Previous research indicated reduced salivary lactoferrin (LF) may distinguish mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from normal cognitive function (NCF).
• This study investigates plasma LF concentrations as a potential differentiator.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare plasma lactoferrin (LF) levels between individuals with normal cognitive function (NCF) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
• To identify potential predictors of MCI, including LF levels and lifestyle factors.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study involving 113 NCF and 113 MCI participants.
• Assessment of cognitive function using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale.
• Measurement of plasma LF, anthropometrics, body composition, physical activity, and cardio-metabolic parameters.

Main Results:

• MCI subjects exhibited significantly lower plasma LF levels than NCF participants (p < 0.0001).
• Plasma LF levels correlated significantly with MoCA test scores (p = 0.0026).
• Adjusted logistic regression identified LF concentrations, alcohol consumption, and hypoglycaemic drug intake as independent predictors of MCI.

Conclusions:

• MCI is associated with lower plasma LF concentrations compared to NCF.
• Plasma LF may serve as a potential biomarker for identifying individuals with MCI.