A Review of Food Bioactives That Can Modulate miRNA Profiles for Management of Colorectal Cancer

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Biology
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading global cancer with high mortality, requiring novel therapeutic strategies.
• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression involved in various cellular processes, including cancer development.
• Food-derived bioactive components show potential in modulating cellular processes relevant to CRC prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of miRNAs in colorectal cancer.
• To summarize the effects of food bioactive components on CRC through miRNA modulation.
• To explore the potential of dietary interventions for CRC treatment and prevention.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on miRNAs, colorectal cancer, and food bioactive components.
• Analysis of mechanisms by which food components modulate miRNA expression.
• Synthesis of evidence on the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pro-apoptotic effects of bioactive compounds via miRNAs.

Main Results:

• miRNAs play a crucial role in CRC onset, progression, metastasis, and treatment response.
• Specific food components, such as curcumin and resveratrol, can modulate key miRNAs in CRC cells.
• Bioactive food components influence CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and drug sensitivity by regulating target proteins and pathways.

Conclusions:

• Dietary therapy and preventive approaches targeting miRNA expression offer promising new directions for CRC management.
• Modulating specific miRNAs through diet can impact CRC cellular behavior and therapeutic outcomes.
• Further research into food-derived bioactive components and their miRNA-mediated effects holds potential for novel CRC treatments.