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Sex-Specific Multimorbidity-Multibehaviour Patterns in Primary Care Populations
Konstantinos Spyropoulos1, Naomi J Ellis1, Christopher J Gidlow2,3
1Centre for Health and Development (CHAD), University of Staffordshire, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 2DF, UK.
Summary
This study identified eight distinct sex-specific patterns of multimorbidity linked to lifestyle factors. Findings suggest tailored clinical approaches are needed for person-centered care in managing complex health conditions.
Area of Science:
- Health Services Research
- Clinical Epidemiology
- Data Science in Healthcare
Background:
- Healthcare is shifting towards understanding multimorbidity and multibehaviours as interconnected.
- Sex-specific differences and dose-response associations are crucial in multimorbidity research.
- Data-driven methods, like exploratory factor analysis, can address research challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify sex-specific lifestyle-associated multimorbidity patterns using exploratory factor analysis.
- To provide evidence for primary care providers and inform future multimorbidity guidelines.
- To explore the relationship between lifestyle, multimorbidity, and sex differences.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study of electronic health records (2015-2018) from UK general practices.
- Inclusion of patients aged 18+ with lifestyle multimorbidity and multiple health risk behaviours.
- Stratified exploratory factor analysis with oblique rotation to identify sex-specific patterns.
Main Results:
- Eight independent lifestyle-associated multimorbidity patterns were identified in 7560 patients.
- Females: cardiometabolic-neurovascular (42.97%), respiratory (8.08%), sensory impairment (5.63%).
- Males: cardiometabolic-vascular (34.10%), genitourinary (9.19%), respiratory-vision (8.20%), ocular (5.70%), neurovascular-gastro-renal (4.54%).
Conclusions:
- Eight distinct sex-specific patterns of lifestyle-associated multimorbidity were revealed.
- Findings support tailored clinical approaches and a paradigm shift towards person-centered care.
- Exploratory factor analysis provided clinically valuable and scientifically rigorous multimorbidity patterns.
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