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Emergence and Characterization of Three Pseudorabies Variants with Moderate Pathogenicity in Growing Pigs
Zhendong Zhang1, Cong Wang2, Chengyue Wu3
1Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Microorganisms
|April 26, 2025
Summary
New Pseudorabies virus (PRV) strains in China show moderate pathogenicity in pigs. Genetic analysis confirms these variant strains are closely related to prevalent genotype II strains, aiding in understanding PRV evolution.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Animal Pathology
- Molecular Epidemiology
Background:
- Pseudorabies virus (PRV) poses a significant threat to the global swine industry.
- Emergence of variant PRV strains in China since 2011 necessitates further investigation into their evolution and pathogenicity.
- Limited studies exist on variant PRV strains in growing pigs post-2015.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the genetic characteristics and pathogenicity of three recently isolated PRV field strains (SD1501, SD1701, SD1801).
- To understand the phenotypic variations and evolutionary trajectory of PRV in China.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and whole-genome sequencing of three PRV field strains.
- Phylogenetic analysis based on complete genome and key virulence genes.
- Pathogenicity assessment in 9-week-old pigs using TCID50 (50% tissue culture infectious dose).
Main Results:
- Phylogenetic analysis indicated the three isolates are genotype II variant strains prevalent in China.
- Pathogenicity tests revealed moderate virulence, with a TCID50 of 10^7.
- Clinical signs included transient fever and reduced appetite; severe neurological symptoms and mortality were observed in a small proportion of infected pigs within 6 days.
Conclusions:
- The study provides crucial epidemiological data on PRV in China.
- Findings demonstrate phenotypic variations in PRV, enhancing understanding of its evolution.
- This research contributes to improved PRV control strategies in affected regions.
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