Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 10, 2025

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
Synthesis, Characterization and Application of NNN Pincer Manganese Complexes with Pyrazole Framework in α-Alkylation
Tao Wang1, Yongli Xu2, Mengxin Du2
1Henan Engineering Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China.
Abstract:
A series of novel NNN pincer manganese complexes based on pyrazole skeleton 4 were efficiently synthesized in a two-step process. All of the new complexes were fully characterized by 1H, 13C NMR spectra. Furthermore, the molecular structures of complexes 4a and 4c were also determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The manganese(I) catalysts obtained showed efficient catalytic activity in the α-alkylation reaction of ketones with alcohols. Under optimal reaction conditions, the expected products were procured with moderate to high yields.
Related Concept Videos
Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction
Alkylation of terminal alkynes with primary alkyl halides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide is one of the common methods for the synthesis of longer carbon-chain alkynes. For example, treatment of 1-propyne with sodium amide followed by reaction with ethyl bromide yields 2-pentyne.
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
Synthesis of α-Substituted Carbonyl Compounds: The Stork Enamine Reaction
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
Preparation of Alkynes: Dehydrohalogenation
Alkynes can be prepared by dehydrohalogenation of vicinal or geminal dihalides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide in liquid ammonia. The reaction proceeds with the loss of two equivalents of hydrogen halide (HX) via two successive E2 elimination reactions.
Radical Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols

