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Related Concept Videos

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:37

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Histone Modification02:32

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
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Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

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Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
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Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

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Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2025

Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting
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Cell-type-specific and inflammatory DNA methylation patterns associated with PTSD.

Alicia K Smith1, Seyma Katrinli2, Adam X Maihofer3

  • 1Emory University, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University, Department of Human Genetics, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
|April 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals distinct DNA methylation patterns in immune cells of individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These epigenetic changes in immune cells highlight inflammation

Keywords:
B-cellsCRPDNA methylationEWASImmuneInflammationPTSDTrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Immunology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation (DNAm) can be altered by traumatic stress.
  • DNAm patterns may differentiate individuals with and without post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
  • This research investigates cell-type-specific DNAm patterns and inflammation in PTSD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine DNA methylation patterns in specific immune cell types associated with PTSD.
  • To identify epigenetic differences in immune cells between PTSD cases and controls.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of DNAm from blood samples of 3,277 participants across 11 cohorts.
  • Utilized MethylationEPIC BeadChip and a standardized quality control pipeline.
  • Performed cell composition imputation and identified cell-type-specific DNAm patterns associated with PTSD, controlling for covariates, followed by meta-analysis.

Main Results:

  • PTSD cases showed lower proportions of B cells and NK cells, and higher neutrophil proportions compared to controls.
  • Identified 96 PTSD-associated CpGs across six immune cell types, predominantly in B cells (95% with lower methylation in PTSD).
  • PTSD-associated CpGs in B cells were enriched in a recent PTSD Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS).

Conclusions:

  • Novel PTSD-associated CpGs were identified within individual immune cell types.
  • Findings support the involvement of immune dysregulation and inflammation in the pathophysiology of PTSD.