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Programming the Brain: How Maternal Overnutrition Shapes Cognitive Aging in Offspring.

Pratheba Kandasamey1, Daria Peleg-Raibstein1,2

  • 1Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.

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|April 28, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal high-fat diet (HFD) exposure in mice impairs offspring

Keywords:
agingcognitionmaternalmemorymiceoffspringovernutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Maternal overnutrition is a significant factor influencing offspring's long-term metabolic and cognitive health.
  • Prenatal diet can disrupt hippocampal function, but its specific impact on spatial memory is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of maternal high-fat diet (HFD) exposure on spatial memory in adult offspring.
  • To determine if cognitive deficits are linked to body weight changes.

Main Methods:

  • Female mice were fed an HFD for nine weeks pre-pregnancy and during gestation.
  • Offspring were tested at postnatal day 90 using the dry maze, a spatial reference memory task.

Main Results:

  • Offspring exposed to maternal HFD showed impaired learning acquisition and reduced within-session improvements.
  • Deficits in long-term spatial memory retention were observed, with less time spent in the target quadrant.
  • Cognitive impairments were independent of offspring body weight at the time of testing.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal HFD exposure induces specific spatial memory deficits in adult offspring, potentially via neurodevelopmental changes.
  • These findings highlight the critical role of prenatal nutrition in cognitive development and long-term brain health.
  • Interventions are needed to address the intergenerational effects of maternal overnutrition on offspring brain function.