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Atopic Dermatitis, Sleep, and the COVID-19 Pandemic.

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Children with atopic dermatitis (AD) experienced fewer sleep disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite no change in AD severity, sleep quality improved for many, suggesting external factors influenced sleep during this period.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric dermatology
  • Sleep medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition affecting children.
  • Sleep disturbances are common in children with AD, impacting quality of life.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic introduced significant environmental and lifestyle changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate sleep disorders in children with AD before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To assess the relationship between AD severity and sleep quality.
  • To identify changes in sleep patterns and quality during the pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal, prospective study involving 26 children with AD.
  • Sleep quality assessed using the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC).
  • Atopic dermatitis severity measured by the Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM).

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of sleep disorders decreased from 65.38% before the pandemic to 42.30% during the pandemic (p=0.04).
  • Disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMSs) were more prevalent in moderate-to-severe AD cases initially.
  • Over 23% of patients reported improved sleep quality during the pandemic.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep quality in children with AD is significantly influenced by disease severity.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic period was associated with an improvement in sleep quality for children with AD.
  • Pandemic-related factors may have positively impacted sleep, irrespective of AD severity changes.