Evaluating the Impact of Active Footwear Systems on Vascular Health and Static Balance: An Exploratory Study

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent in occupations requiring prolonged standing and repetitive movements, often leading to vascular issues and reduced static balance. Innovations in wearable technology, such as smart footwear integrating active systems, aim to mitigate these challenges. This exploratory study assessed the effects of a novel active footwear system, incorporating compression and vibration, on vascular blood flow and static balance in healthy adults. Sixteen healthy participants (seven men and nine women) were randomized into active and placebo phases, each involving repetitive tasks. Outcomes included reflection photoplethysmography, postural sway, and foot volumetry. Data were analyzed pre- and post-intervention, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. For men, significant improvements in reflection photoplethysmography median values were observed post-active phase (p = 0.031), while women showed no change. Enhanced static balance, reflected in decreased total sway (p = 0.025), was noted in women. No significant changes occurred during the placebo phase. The active system improved vascular function in men and static balance in women, highlighting its potential for ergonomic interventions in industrial settings. Future studies should explore long-term effects and applications in diverse populations, including those with work-related musculoskeletal disorders.